INTERNET’S IMPACT ON HEALTH CARE INFORMATION
Internet
The Internet’s Impact on Health Care Information
The Internet’s Impact on Health Care Information
This paper explores some of the best and well-known cites and sites around the world for information and health care. Early in the 21st century, the World Health Organization made its first attempt to rank the quality of health care in approximately 200 countries. (NYT, 2007) The WHO ranked the countries’ health care based on factors such as fairness, quality, access, insurance coverage, patient satisfaction, and use of information technology among other factors. (NYT, 2007) According to this research, some of countries in the world that provide the best health care overall are France, Italy, Malta, Japan, and Monaco, among others. (NYT, 2007) As much as the United States of America boasts at being the best in the world at nearly everything, United States health care was not in even the top thirty countries ranked by the WHO. Even still, there are a number of specialised centres within nearly every country, no matter its rank, that provides exceptional care and is a worthy contribution to the health community whether in real life or virtually.
The first clinic to be examined is the Mayo Clinic. The Mayo Clinic was established during the American Civil War by Dr. W.W. Mayo in Minnesota. He was an Englishman with a talent and zeal for medicine. Eventually his sons joined the practice and became equally, if not more so talented, establishing a firm tradition of aptitude and specialty in the Mayo Clinic. The Mayo Clinic has professionals on staff in a plethora of specialties. Patients from around the world seek the advice and the assistance of the Mayo Clinic. It is a clinic that is most known for its model for integrated group practice, which includes increased communication among the health care professionals servicing a particular patient as well as an approach that treats the entire person and not only the disease or condition. (MFMRE, 2012)
Another exceptional facility that provides quality care and online information is the Cuba Memorial Hospital. Cuba has a long and definitive history of providing exceptional medicare care and medical training. Cuba is often one of the first countries to provide assistance, primarily in the form of medical assistance when there is a national or natural disaster such as the Haiti earthquake, Japan earthquake & tsunami, and many others. The Instituto Superior de Ciencas Medicas de la Habana as part of the University of Havana. It is arguably the best hospital in Cuba. They describe themselves as “professional revolutionaries of the Health Sciences.” (UCMH, 2012)
Other websites of note from the United States are those by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and one of their sister organisations, the National Institutes of Health. Though these websites are by organisations in the states, they provide information and links to information on health from a more worldly perspective. These organisations in of themselves are a part of extensive networks and they make a strong effort to translate those networks into links and information online.
For non-Americans, these sites are extremely reputable resources of information, from treatments, to side effects, to support groups, to facilities, to general info from the perspective of the patient or person in the life of the patient. These sites a great medical databases of medical information. Obviously, there are more service opportunities available for Americans, but these sites are valuable to many people despite nationality and location.
For a truly more global perspective on health, the Global Health Council has a reputable and useful website with information on a great array of health topics, including global health topics or issues. The GHC is specifically dedicated to improving overall health around the world.
The Global Health Council is the world’s largest and most diverse membership alliance dedicated to improving the health of the 2 billion people who live on less than $2 a day. Our diverse membership comprises health-care professionals and organizations that include NGOs, foundations, corporations, government agencies and academic institutions that work to ensure global health for all. They implement programs, deliver health care services, conduct research on key issues, advocate for improved policies and financial support, provide funding for global health programming, develop life-saving products and communicate the stories of success and need to the world. (GHC, 2012)
The council is a close comparison to the United Nations members when comparing the degree of diversity in its members. The council is committed to education, awareness, and thoughtful action so as to improve the quality of health and quality of life of people on Earth. (GHC, 2012)
As with any piece of technology or other type of tool, there is both negative and positive potential with its use. Certainly, there are clear and apparent advantages to the use of the internet to gather information and research health-related topics. The internet is a massive source of knowledge and information on just about every topic imaginable, which is why it is such a valuable resource. It is now common practice for reputable organisations, government agencies, and formally recognised or accredited facilities to have their own websites, and quite possibly other ways to be present on the web, such as a professional FaceBook page, LinkedIn page, Twitter or Tumblr accounts. Therefore, a strategy for web presence that includes a multifaceted approach so as to cast a wide net for potential users is wise.
Using the Internet to research the quality of health care and the quality of specific health care facilities proves to be advantageous for users as well as the centres researched. Internet users now have a different sense and depth of control over their health and health care than in other point in modern history. People can researched which facilities are in closest proximity to their location, if there are specialists available for their specific condition(s), and other personalized information.
From the perspective of this author, there are three primary disadvantages to using the Internet as a primary source to find health information. Just as with any other topic on the Internet, from health to food to parenting to shoe shopping, there is a great deal of false advertising and hoaxes. Users must be equipped with adequate information literacy or else they will fall prey more often to scams and unreliable information. The paper must note that when referring to users, the term includes those with and without professional medical training. Medical professionals that only rely on the Internet for information are acting dangerously irresponsible. Some of the most prized information for medical professionals must be read or accessed in real life, although there is significant literature, including medical journals and research made available online. Regardless, medical professionals should know better because of their training and experience.
The second disadvantage is the common perspective or practice that users will substitute actual health care with a real, live, trained, medical professional for gathering some information on their own and attempting to treat themselves. It should be fairly self explanatory as to why this is a disadvantage. Perhaps for a number of minor conditions, the Internet only may suffice, but users must follow up by contacting a representative of the organisation the site in question represents.
In the Internet age, there has been a worldwide increase in agoraphobia — the fear of leaving one’s home. Because the Internet services people, specifically at their homes to such great detail, in some ways the Internet feeds agoraphobia and many other expressions of social anxiety that keep people from interacting directly with others. This behavior is widespread; thus the implications of even a small percentage of people online have even mild society anxiety and only use the Internet for health care are quite stark and dangerous. The Internet has ushered in a new era of the DIY (Do it Yourself) capability and spirit, but when it comes to one’s health, one should leave it to the professionals, whether normative or alternative.
The third disadvantage is that with the deluge of information on innumerable topics online, there is a higher likelihood for the occurrence and recurrence of hypochondria. Hypochondriacs are essentially people that think they are ill when they are not. They are exceptionally impressionable to information and media regarding health. The Internet in a way is a hypochondriac’s dream: it is essentially an endless database of medical conditions, injuries, and diseases with endless amounts of information about symptoms and end results. Hypochondria can exacerbate health care professionals and centres, wasting time, resources, and even care on people who have been overwhelmed by the health information available online to the point where they are excessively accessing health care in some form.
References:
Global Health Council. (2012). Health Linkages. Web, Available from: http://www.globalhealth.org/Health_Linkages.html. 2012 August 26.
Mayo Foundation for Medical Research and Education. (2012). Mayo Clinic. Web, Available from: http://www.mayoclinic.com/. 2012 August 26.
National Institutes of Health. (2012). Health Information. Web, Available from: http://health.nih.gov/. 2012 August 26.
No listed author. (2007). Editorial — World’s best health care? The New York Times, Web, Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/12/opinion/12sun1.html?pagewanted=all. 2012 August 26.
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2012). News, Prevention, & Diseases. Web, Available from: http://www.hhs.gov/. 2012 August 26.
Universidad de Ciencas Medicas de la Habana. (2012). UCMH. Web, Available from: http://instituciones.sld.cu/ucmh/. 2012 August 26.
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!! 
INTERNET’S IMPACT ON HEALTH CARE INFORMATION
Internet
The Internet’s Impact on Health Care Information
The Internet’s Impact on Health Care Information
This paper explores some of the best and well-known cites and sites around the world for information and health care. Early in the 21st century, the World Health Organization made its first attempt to rank the quality of health care in approximately 200 countries. (NYT, 2007) The WHO ranked the countries’ health care based on factors such as fairness, quality, access, insurance coverage, patient satisfaction, and use of information technology among other factors. (NYT, 2007) According to this research, some of countries in the world that provide the best health care overall are France, Italy, Malta, Japan, and Monaco, among others. (NYT, 2007) As much as the United States of America boasts at being the best in the world at nearly everything, United States health care was not in even the top thirty countries ranked by the WHO. Even still, there are a number of specialised centres within nearly every country, no matter its rank, that provides exceptional care and is a worthy contribution to the health community whether in real life or virtually.
The first clinic to be examined is the Mayo Clinic. The Mayo Clinic was established during the American Civil War by Dr. W.W. Mayo in Minnesota. He was an Englishman with a talent and zeal for medicine. Eventually his sons joined the practice and became equally, if not more so talented, establishing a firm tradition of aptitude and specialty in the Mayo Clinic. The Mayo Clinic has professionals on staff in a plethora of specialties. Patients from around the world seek the advice and the assistance of the Mayo Clinic. It is a clinic that is most known for its model for integrated group practice, which includes increased communication among the health care professionals servicing a particular patient as well as an approach that treats the entire person and not only the disease or condition. (MFMRE, 2012)
Another exceptional facility that provides quality care and online information is the Cuba Memorial Hospital. Cuba has a long and definitive history of providing exceptional medicare care and medical training. Cuba is often one of the first countries to provide assistance, primarily in the form of medical assistance when there is a national or natural disaster such as the Haiti earthquake, Japan earthquake & tsunami, and many others. The Instituto Superior de Ciencas Medicas de la Habana as part of the University of Havana. It is arguably the best hospital in Cuba. They describe themselves as “professional revolutionaries of the Health Sciences.” (UCMH, 2012)
Other websites of note from the United States are those by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, and one of their sister organisations, the National Institutes of Health. Though these websites are by organisations in the states, they provide information and links to information on health from a more worldly perspective. These organisations in of themselves are a part of extensive networks and they make a strong effort to translate those networks into links and information online.
For non-Americans, these sites are extremely reputable resources of information, from treatments, to side effects, to support groups, to facilities, to general info from the perspective of the patient or person in the life of the patient. These sites a great medical databases of medical information. Obviously, there are more service opportunities available for Americans, but these sites are valuable to many people despite nationality and location.
For a truly more global perspective on health, the Global Health Council has a reputable and useful website with information on a great array of health topics, including global health topics or issues. The GHC is specifically dedicated to improving overall health around the world.
The Global Health Council is the world’s largest and most diverse membership alliance dedicated to improving the health of the 2 billion people who live on less than $2 a day. Our diverse membership comprises health-care professionals and organizations that include NGOs, foundations, corporations, government agencies and academic institutions that work to ensure global health for all. They implement programs, deliver health care services, conduct research on key issues, advocate for improved policies and financial support, provide funding for global health programming, develop life-saving products and communicate the stories of success and need to the world. (GHC, 2012)
The council is a close comparison to the United Nations members when comparing the degree of diversity in its members. The council is committed to education, awareness, and thoughtful action so as to improve the quality of health and quality of life of people on Earth. (GHC, 2012)
As with any piece of technology or other type of tool, there is both negative and positive potential with its use. Certainly, there are clear and apparent advantages to the use of the internet to gather information and research health-related topics. The internet is a massive source of knowledge and information on just about every topic imaginable, which is why it is such a valuable resource. It is now common practice for reputable organisations, government agencies, and formally recognised or accredited facilities to have their own websites, and quite possibly other ways to be present on the web, such as a professional FaceBook page, LinkedIn page, Twitter or Tumblr accounts. Therefore, a strategy for web presence that includes a multifaceted approach so as to cast a wide net for potential users is wise.
Using the Internet to research the quality of health care and the quality of specific health care facilities proves to be advantageous for users as well as the centres researched. Internet users now have a different sense and depth of control over their health and health care than in other point in modern history. People can researched which facilities are in closest proximity to their location, if there are specialists available for their specific condition(s), and other personalized information.
From the perspective of this author, there are three primary disadvantages to using the Internet as a primary source to find health information. Just as with any other topic on the Internet, from health to food to parenting to shoe shopping, there is a great deal of false advertising and hoaxes. Users must be equipped with adequate information literacy or else they will fall prey more often to scams and unreliable information. The paper must note that when referring to users, the term includes those with and without professional medical training. Medical professionals that only rely on the Internet for information are acting dangerously irresponsible. Some of the most prized information for medical professionals must be read or accessed in real life, although there is significant literature, including medical journals and research made available online. Regardless, medical professionals should know better because of their training and experience.
The second disadvantage is the common perspective or practice that users will substitute actual health care with a real, live, trained, medical professional for gathering some information on their own and attempting to treat themselves. It should be fairly self explanatory as to why this is a disadvantage. Perhaps for a number of minor conditions, the Internet only may suffice, but users must follow up by contacting a representative of the organisation the site in question represents.
In the Internet age, there has been a worldwide increase in agoraphobia — the fear of leaving one’s home. Because the Internet services people, specifically at their homes to such great detail, in some ways the Internet feeds agoraphobia and many other expressions of social anxiety that keep people from interacting directly with others. This behavior is widespread; thus the implications of even a small percentage of people online have even mild society anxiety and only use the Internet for health care are quite stark and dangerous. The Internet has ushered in a new era of the DIY (Do it Yourself) capability and spirit, but when it comes to one’s health, one should leave it to the professionals, whether normative or alternative.
The third disadvantage is that with the deluge of information on innumerable topics online, there is a higher likelihood for the occurrence and recurrence of hypochondria. Hypochondriacs are essentially people that think they are ill when they are not. They are exceptionally impressionable to information and media regarding health. The Internet in a way is a hypochondriac’s dream: it is essentially an endless database of medical conditions, injuries, and diseases with endless amounts of information about symptoms and end results. Hypochondria can exacerbate health care professionals and centres, wasting time, resources, and even care on people who have been overwhelmed by the health information available online to the point where they are excessively accessing health care in some form.
References:
Global Health Council. (2012). Health Linkages. Web, Available from: http://www.globalhealth.org/Health_Linkages.html. 2012 August 26.
Mayo Foundation for Medical Research and Education. (2012). Mayo Clinic. Web, Available from: http://www.mayoclinic.com/. 2012 August 26.
National Institutes of Health. (2012). Health Information. Web, Available from: http://health.nih.gov/. 2012 August 26.
No listed author. (2007). Editorial — World’s best health care? The New York Times, Web, Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/12/opinion/12sun1.html?pagewanted=all. 2012 August 26.
United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2012). News, Prevention, & Diseases. Web, Available from: http://www.hhs.gov/. 2012 August 26.
Universidad de Ciencas Medicas de la Habana. (2012). UCMH. Web, Available from: http://instituciones.sld.cu/ucmh/. 2012 August 26.
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore.
That’s why we have developed 5 beneficial guarantees that will make your experience with our service enjoyable, easy, and safe.
You have to be 100% sure of the quality of your product to give a money-back guarantee. This describes us perfectly. Make sure that this guarantee is totally transparent.
Read moreEach paper is composed from scratch, according to your instructions. It is then checked by our plagiarism-detection software. There is no gap where plagiarism could squeeze in.
Read moreThanks to our free revisions, there is no way for you to be unsatisfied. We will work on your paper until you are completely happy with the result.
Read moreYour email is safe, as we store it according to international data protection rules. Your bank details are secure, as we use only reliable payment systems.
Read moreBy sending us your money, you buy the service we provide. Check out our terms and conditions if you prefer business talks to be laid out in official language.
Read more